Retraction

CENTER OF EDUCATION JOURNAL (CEJou)

Correction and Retraction Policy

Publication Integrity | Post-Publication Corrections | Retractions

1. Policy Statement

Center of Education Journal (CEJou), published by Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Pasuruan, is committed to maintaining the accuracy, reliability, transparency, and integrity of the scholarly record. The journal recognizes that errors, ethical concerns, or questions regarding the reliability of published research may arise after publication.

CEJou adopts editorial procedures for correcting, clarifying, retracting, or otherwise updating published scholarly content. These procedures are guided by internationally recognized publication ethics principles, particularly the recommendations of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

The primary purpose of correction and retraction is to preserve the integrity of the scholarly literature and inform readers about the reliability of published research, rather than to punish authors.

2. Article Corrections

Corrections may be issued when errors are identified in a published article but the overall findings, interpretations, and conclusions remain scientifically valid.

Examples of corrections include:

Errors in author names, affiliations, or acknowledgments.
Incorrect tables, figures, captions, or references.
Typographical or production errors affecting the interpretation of information.
Inaccuracies in numerical data that do not invalidate the main findings.
Omissions or inaccuracies requiring clarification.

Minor typographical or formatting changes that do not affect meaning or bibliographic integrity may be corrected directly with appropriate editorial oversight. Substantive corrections shall be documented through a clearly identified correction notice linked to the original article.

3. Erratum and Corrigendum

Erratum

An erratum is a correction notice addressing an error introduced during the editorial or production process, such as formatting, typesetting, or publication metadata errors.

Corrigendum

A corrigendum is a correction notice addressing an error originating from the authors, provided that the error does not undermine the reliability of the article's principal findings.

Correction notices shall identify the original publication, explain the nature of the error, specify the correction, and state whether the findings and conclusions are affected.

4. Expression of Concern

An Expression of Concern may be published when credible questions arise regarding the reliability, integrity, or ethical compliance of a published article, but the available evidence is insufficient to justify an immediate correction or retraction.

Such concerns may involve unresolved questions regarding research data, ethical approval, authorship, research procedures, or possible publication misconduct.

The notice shall clearly identify the publication concerned, explain the nature of the unresolved issue to the extent appropriate, and inform readers that an investigation or further evaluation is ongoing.

An Expression of Concern shall be updated or followed by an appropriate editorial action when sufficient information becomes available.

5. Article Retraction

Retraction may be considered when the editorial team determines that the findings or conclusions of a published article are unreliable, or when serious ethical or publication integrity concerns make it inappropriate for the article to remain part of the scholarly record without a retraction notice.

Grounds for retraction may include:

Evidence of fabricated or falsified research data.
Serious methodological or analytical errors that invalidate the findings.
Substantial plagiarism or unauthorized use of scholarly material.
Redundant or duplicate publication without appropriate disclosure.
Serious authorship disputes or unauthorized publication where the integrity of the article is compromised.
Research conducted without required ethical approval or participant consent.
Compromised or manipulated peer-review processes.
Other serious violations that undermine confidence in the published work.

Retraction decisions shall be based on available evidence, appropriate investigation, and relevant publication ethics principles. Retraction is not automatically warranted for every allegation or minor error.

6. Retraction Notice and Publication Record

When an article is retracted, CEJou shall publish a formal and publicly accessible retraction notice.

The retraction notice shall include:

The title and bibliographic information of the affected article.
The name of the author(s) of the original article.
The DOI or permanent link to the original publication, where available.
A clear explanation of the reason for retraction.
Identification of the party issuing the retraction.
The date of the retraction notice.
A statement describing the effect on the reliability of the findings.

The original article will normally remain accessible in the journal's archives to preserve the scholarly record. It shall be clearly identified as retracted through a visible notice or label on the article landing page and, where technically feasible, the article PDF.

Retracted articles shall not be silently deleted or replaced. Removal of full-text content may be considered only in exceptional circumstances involving legal obligations, privacy protection, or other serious risks requiring restricted access. When removal is necessary, bibliographic information and an explanatory notice should remain available whenever legally and ethically permissible.

7. Manuscript Withdrawal

Manuscript withdrawal refers to the termination of consideration of a manuscript before formal publication. Authors requesting withdrawal must submit a written explanation to the editorial office.

Withdrawal requests shall be reviewed according to the manuscript's editorial status and any relevant ethical concerns. A manuscript that has already been formally published is subject to the journal's correction or retraction procedures rather than ordinary pre-publication withdrawal.

8. Investigation and Editorial Decision

Reports of errors, ethical concerns, or suspected research misconduct may be submitted by authors, readers, reviewers, editors, institutions, or other relevant parties.

CEJou's editorial handling procedure consists of:

Stage	Editorial Action
1. Reporting	Receiving a report or identifying a possible publication error or integrity concern.
2. Preliminary Assessment	Assessing the nature, credibility, and potential significance of the concern.
3. Clarification	Seeking explanations and supporting information from relevant authors or parties.
4. Investigation	Examining available evidence and consulting appropriate experts or institutions when necessary.
5. Editorial Decision	Determining whether correction, clarification, expression of concern, retraction, or no action is appropriate.
6. Publication of Notice	Publishing a notice and updating relevant publication records when required.

The editorial team shall seek a fair and impartial evaluation, provide relevant parties with an opportunity to respond where appropriate, and document the reasons for its decisions. Matters involving serious misconduct may be referred to the relevant institution or research integrity authority.

The Editor in Chief is responsible for the final editorial decision, except where a conflict of interest requires the matter to be handled by an independent, authorized editor.

9. DOI and Metadata Updates

When a correction, retraction, or other significant post-publication update is issued, CEJou shall ensure that the affected article and the corresponding notice are clearly linked through the journal website and bibliographic records.

Where applicable, relevant DOI metadata shall be updated through Crossref in accordance with the services and technical facilities available to the journal. Substantive correction and retraction notices may receive separate DOI registrations and appropriate update relationships.

The journal shall not represent an article as unchanged when a significant correction or retraction has occurred. The DOI of the original publication should continue to resolve to an appropriate landing page containing its current publication status.

10. Transparency and Preservation

CEJou is committed to maintaining a transparent and accessible publication record. Correction and retraction notices shall be made publicly available and connected to the affected publications.

The journal shall retain relevant editorial records and supporting documentation in accordance with applicable institutional policies, confidentiality obligations, and research integrity standards.

11. Reporting Publication Concerns

Authors, readers, reviewers, and other members of the scholarly community who identify potential errors or concerns regarding published articles are encouraged to contact the CEJou editorial office.

Reports should identify the relevant article, explain the concern, and provide supporting evidence where available. The journal will evaluate submissions in accordance with this policy and applicable publication ethics principles.

Contact the CEJou Editorial Office